At Langstone Primary School we use Read Write Inc to support our teaching of phonics. Here is some information to help your child on their phonics journey.
Speed Sounds
Your child will begin by learning their set 1 sounds. This consists of 'stretchy' and 'bouncy' sounds. It is crucial that we teach the children 'pure sounds'.
The majority of set 1 sounds are individual sounds where one letter represents a sound. Once learners gain confidence with individual sounds, we encourage them to begin reading and writing C-V-C words (constenant - vowel - constent). As learners work through the set 1 sounds, they will become exposed to 'special friends'. Set 1 sounds are taught in the order you can see on the speed sounds set 1 chart.
Here is a video, explaining how to say individual sounds correctly which is vitally important towards a child's phoentic development.
Special Friends
Here, learners are introduced to digraphs. These are 2 letters which make 1 sound, we call these 'special friends'. For example, there are 3 sounds in the word 'ship' ... 'sh - i - p'. One of these sounds is a special friend. Once your child is familiar with set 1 sounds, they will begin to use them to segment and blend using 'Fred talk'.
Fred Talk
Fred the frog helps children read and spell. He can say the sounds within words, but he cannot say the whole word, so learners have to help him. To help learners read, Fred (the teacher) says the sounds and the learners blend these sounds together to say the word. For example, Fred says "c - a - t", learners say "cat". Another example being, Fred says "l - igh - t", learners say "light". These are know as green words.
Green Words
These are words which you can segment and blend. When taught in the correct order, they contain sounds which learners have already been exposed to.
Set 2 and 3 Sounds
When the learners are confident with set 1 sounds, they will begin to learn set 2 sounds before moving onto set 3. These consist of digraphs (2 letters, 1 sound), trigraphs (3 letters, 1 sound) and spilt-digraphs (2 letters, separated by another letter, still making 1 sound). These are all still known as 'special friends'.
Red Words
These words are also known as 'tricky words' or 'common exception words'. These are words that we cannot Fred talk. They occur frequently in stories (e.g said, what, where) but have unusual letter combinations. Learners cannot use Fred talk to read red words, but instead need to stop, think and recognise these by sight. Red words are words we just have to learn. You can support your child by having these on flash cards to practise at home.
Dotting and Dashing
When helping learners to spell 'green words', RWI uses a 'dotting and dashing' strategy. When trying to spell or read a word, learners are encouraged to identify sounds through this technique. Drawing underneath the letters, a dot represents an individual sound whereas a dash represents a special friend. When learners are exposed to set 3 sounds they will learn 'split-digraphs' which is represented by a curved line during dotting and dashing.
Useful Videos and Links
Here are some useful videos and links which can further help and support your child's phonics journey.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8vuje-wMQw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jQ3pGvw-HLE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYgBI5w-MCw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzAD1EPaYKY
https://home.oxfordowl.co.uk/reading/reading-schemes-oxford-levels/read-write-inc-phonics-guide/
Set 1, 2 and 3 Flashcards (Downloadable)